[2021-01-25]为什么国外越来越多的中国研究生和博士生毕业后回到中国？

Aj.Raymond James Ritchie Hons&PhD Uni of Sydney, 12y post doctoral, 110 papers
The USA is no longer the global terminal location. This is something the American elite has not yet understood. They cannot any longer keep their R&D base going by simply pilfering talent from other countries. The career structure in STEM in the USA is so lousy that it is no wonder graduates take jobs elsewhere.
A Chinese with an American PhD or post-doctoral experience in the USA has better career prospects in China than in the USA. They will get a good steady job, laboratory facilities and good social standing. And what do they do? They set up their own laboratory and train their own Masters, PhDs and Post-docs who no longer have to go to the USA. Gradually then all of a sudden.
When I was growing up it was expected of you that after getting university qualifications you needed to get overseas experience to find a job either in Australia or some other country. That is no longer the case. You can make an academic career in Australia without spending years overseas. I am 66y and getting old. Younger academics I have met in Australia typically have never felt the need to get overseas experience like I did. Their intellectual parent (PhD supervisor) or grandparent (supervisor’s supervisor) may have had an American or UK degree but they feel they do not need one or an overseas post-doc. Crucially, my 7 years of overseas post-doctoral experience did not help me get a real job in Australia.
I am an Australian PhD (my supervisor was Oxford DPhil) . I worked as a post-doc in the USA for 5y, a year in Canada and a year in the UK. I did not stay because I was not offered anything to stay. A cultural thing that left a bad taste in my mouth with the USA was that they want to rent-not-buy overseas talent. The same thing becomes apparent to Chinese students. I now work in SE-Asia. I am treated better in Thailand than I ever was in Australia, UK, USA or Canada. I have a job and a lab of my own.

【回答】悉尼大学荣誉博士学位，博士后12年，论文110篇
美国不再是全球的所在地。这是美国精英尚未理解的。他们再也不能仅仅通过从其他国家窃取人才来维持自己的研发基地了。在美国，STEM的职业结构非常糟糕，难怪毕业生会到其他地方找工作。
在美国拥有博士或博士后经历的中国人，在中国的就业前景比在美国要好。他们会得到一份稳定的工作，实验室设施和良好的社会地位。那么他们做了什么？他们建立了自己的实验室，培养了自己的硕士、博士和博士后，而这些人再也不用去美国了。渐渐地，然后突然之间。
在我成长的过程中，人们对你的期望是，拿到大学文凭后，你需要有海外经历，才能在澳大利亚或其他国家找到工作。现在已经不是这样了。你不需要在国外呆上几年就可以在澳大利亚从事学术工作。我今年66岁，慢慢变老了。我在澳大利亚遇到的年轻学者，通常从来没有像我这样觉得需要获得海外经历。他们的高学历父母(博士生导师)或祖父母(导师的导师)可能拥有美国或英国的学位，但他们觉得自己不需要一个海外博士后学位。最重要的是，我7年的海外博士后经历，并没有帮助我在澳大利亚找到一份真正的工作。
我是一个澳大利亚的博士(我的导师是牛津大学哲学博士)。我在美国做了五年博士后，在加拿大和英国各做了一年。我没有留下来，因为没有让我想留下来的事物。我对美国人有一种不好的印象，那就是他们想租借而不是购买海外人才。对于中国学生来说，同样的事情也变得越来越明显。我现在在东南亚工作。我在泰国受到的待遇比在澳大利亚、英国、美国或加拿大都要好。我有自己的工作和实验室。
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Liu Lisong
It is shocking that an academically experienced PhD like you failed to get a "real job". You have the talent and perseverance to receive a higher level of education, and deserve the respect of the society and superior salary.
Have you considered coming to work in a laboratory in China? Or you can get some research funding support from China through some academic contacts.

【回复】像你这样有学术经验的博士竟然找不到一份“真正的工作” ，真是让人震惊。你有接受更高教育的天赋和毅力，值得社会的尊重和优厚的薪水。
你考虑过来中国的实验室工作吗？或者你可以通过一些学术联系从中国获得一些研究经费支持。

Aj.Raymond James Ritchie
I am quite happy working in Thailand. The only regret I have is that I did not do it as a younger man. The husband of a former student of mine was offered a PhD scholarship in the USA and China. I recommended he take the Chinese offer. He did.

【作者回复】我在泰国工作很开心。我唯一的遗憾就是我没有在年轻的时候这样做。我以前一个学生的丈夫获得了美国和中国的博士生奖学金。我建议他接受中国的奖学金。他这样做了。

Han Shyone Ooi
Good for you. Glad more and more countries value talent.

【回复】真为你高兴，很高兴越来越多的国家重视人才。

Jason Ko
I like your last line .. “treated better" in South East Asia.
In general Asians look up to those who studied hard. Good luck in the Land of a Thousand Smiles :)

【回复】我喜欢你的最后一句话.. 在东南亚“待遇更好”。
一般来说，亚洲人尊敬那些努力学习的人。祝你在“千笑之国”好运。
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Annie Ruth Harrison Lover of Chinese culture and history
As China began to open up to the world, it seems as though it saw the West as something to aspire to. Into the 80s and early 90s, many Chinese students wanted degrees from Western universities. And some chose to go to the West when they didn’t receive a placement in a Chinese college.
They, I think in many ways, believed in the American dream. Things from the West, like brand name items, became like status symbols. There was a nationwide xenophilia—a love of all things Western. For example, I’ve heard that in the 1980s, drinking Coke was seen as a privilege. They imported our music, movies, manner of dress, even our fast food like KFC and McDonalds.
The chance to attend college in the West was seen as an opportunity. Parents wanted the best for their children and they thought education in America was it. You see, while we’ve been overwhelmed with anti-China sentiment left over from the Cold War Communist Scare, at the same time, China was telling its young people to work hard so they could prosper like the Americans.

【回答】热爱中国文化和历史
随着中国开始向世界开放，它似乎把西方视为值得向往的地方。在80年代和90年代早期，许多中国学生都想获得西方大学的学位。有些人在没有获得中国大学的录取机会时选择了去西方。
我认为他们在很多方面都相信美国梦。来自西方的东西，比如名牌商品，成为了身份的象征。有一种全国性的异国情节，一种对所有西方事物的热爱。例如，我听说在20世纪80年代，喝可乐被视为一种特权。他们引进了我们的音乐，电影，服装，甚至我们的快餐，如肯德基和麦当劳。
在西方上大学的机会被视为一种机遇。父母们希望他们的孩子得到最好的教育，他们认为美国的教育就是这样。你看，当我们被冷战时期的共产主义恐慌所遗留下来的反华压得喘不过气来的时候，而与此同时，中国告诉年轻人要努力工作，这样他们才能像美国人一样繁荣。

But something unexpected happened. Young people came here hopeful and optimistic. Some of them were treated well. Some of them were victims of racism and hate. They felt discrimination. Sometimes making friends was difficult.
I’ve heard stories of Chinese feeling like they didn’t fit in here—not even with American born Chinese because their cultural backgrounds were different. They were unfairly treated in some places, judged by their ethnicity. They realized how America thought badly of their country’s politics, leaders, and ways of doing things.
So over time, they became disillusioned and went home. And that has been amplified this past year. Our mismanagement of Covid, our riots and absurd acts of treason, our ridiculous trade war with their home country—they want to go home now.

但是意想不到的事情发生了。年轻人满怀希望和乐观地来到这里。他们中的一些人受到了很好的对待。但一些人是种族主义和仇恨的受害者。他们感受到了歧视。有时交朋友很困难。
我听过一些故事，一些中国人觉得自己不适应这里，甚至在美国出生的中国人也觉得不适应，因为他们的文化背景不同。根据他们的种族，他们在一些地方受到不公平的待遇。他们意识到美国对他们国家的政治、领导人和做事方式的看法很不好。
所以随着时间的推移，他们的幻想破灭了，回家了。这种情况在过去的一年里被放大了。我们对新冠疫情的管理不善，我们的暴乱和荒谬的叛国行为，我们与他们祖国之间进行荒唐的贸易战，然后他们现在想回家了。

Anonymous
The future of technology involves economic competition between the thriving high tech industries in China and in India. The US is already falling behind. We just have not admitted it to ourselves yet.
I work for a US high tech company. We have weekly meetings. At some of them there is *no one* at the meeting who was born in the US. At some of them there are a few US born engineers left, and the median age of US born engineers where I work is more than 50. US born engineers are a dying breed, or at least a retiring breed.
There are very good reasons for this. One issue is that the US education system is quite bad when it comes to teaching math to young kids. If you get to middle school without being good at math, it is too late. You are never going to work as an engineer in high tech. You might be able to work in high tech, but in sales or some other role.

【回答】
技术的未来涉及中国和印度蓬勃发展的高科技产业之间的经济竞争。美国已经落后了。只是我们自己还没有承认罢了。
我在一家美国高科技公司工作。我们每周开会。在其中一些会议上，没有一个人是出生在美国。在其中一些公司，美国出生的工程师已经所剩无几了，在我工作的地方，美国出生的工程师的平均年龄超过50岁。美国出生的工程师是一个濒临消亡的群体，或者至少是一个即将退休的群体。
这里有很好的理由。其中一个问题是，美国的教育体系在教授小孩数学方面相当糟糕。如果你上中学时数学不好，那就太晚了。你永远不会成为高科技领域的工程师。你也许可以在高科技领域工作，但是是在销售或其他工作岗位上。

Foreign born engineers are catching on to something: If you accept permanent resident status in the US, you will be taxed by the US forever, even after you return home. You must never take on US permanent residence or citizenship unless you are *certain* that you will live the rest of your life in the US. However, the US high tech industry is old. It is going to be replaced. Therefore, you do not want to make this commitment. How do you avoid the “US tax authorities follow you to your death” trap? Very easy, you return home right after you graduate from university. For tax reasons, the US is no longer the place that smart people from other countries want to move to.
There is another advantage of returning home: In India and China the pretty girls marry engineers. Part of this is that in India and China the engineers are paid better than the lawyers. This is very, very different from the US.

外国出生的工程师们正在明白一些事情：如果你接受了美国的永久居民身份，你将永远被美国征税，甚至在你回国之后。除非你确信你将在美国度过你的余生，否则你绝对不要成为美国永久居留或者美国公民。然而，美国的高科技产业已经过时了。它将被取代。所以，你不会想做出这样的承诺。你如何避免“美国税务局跟随你到死”的陷阱？很简单，大学一毕业就回国。出于税收方面的原因，美国不再是其它国家聪明人想要移居的地方了。
回国还有另一个好处：在印度和中国，漂亮的女孩嫁给工程师。部分原因是在印度和中国，工程师的薪水比律师高。这与美国非常非常不同。

Sam Arora Life long student of Chinese history, culture, food, arts
I have visited China six times and have worked all my life with the Canadian Chinese in one form or the other.
Chinese are the most hard-working race in the world, they are very focused committed and their culture or way of thinking is based on Taoism and Buddhism.
The young generation may not know it, but as an outsider, I know and felt that they all believe in good Karma. I found the will be excel in everything they do is the common thread, from a shoemaker to the brain surgeon.
Are they smarter than other people? no sure. Are they hardworking? You bet they are very hardworking. And that is the secret of China.
Well, unless you visit China, all these things may sound like pie in the sky.
Chinese Canadian ruling the Toronto schools too, very strong family structure, education no. 1 and super hard work, almost zero alcohol, zero drugs, and almost zero parties,
The USA has lagged behind in education for several decades and it is losing its edge, due to very poor work ethics, dirty politics, useless wars, and a totally wrong mindset.

【回答】终身学习中国历史、文化、饮食、艺术
我曾六次访问中国，一生都以这样或那样的方式与加拿大华人共事。
中国人是世界上最勤劳的民族，他们非常专注，他们的文化或思维方式是基于道教和佛教。
年轻一代可能不知道，但作为一个局外人，我知道并感觉到他们都相信善有善报。我发现他们在所有事情上都很出色，从鞋匠到脑外科医生都是如此。
他们比其他人更聪明吗？不一定。他们勤奋吗？他们非常勤奋。而这就是中国的秘密。
嗯，除非你访问中国，否则所有这些事情听起来都像是天上的馅饼一样。
加拿大华人也统治着多伦多的学校，非常强大的家庭结构，一流的教育和超级努力，几乎不沾酒精，不沾毒品，几乎没有派对。
美国在教育方面已经落后了几十年，由于极差的职业道德、肮脏的政治、无用的战争和完全错误的心态，美国正在失去它的优势。

Yevgeniy Leto
Opportunities and life qualities. The West, especially the US, is in an anti-China mode and Chinese are having a difficult time finding jobs in the West. A substantial number of people are hostile to China and Chinese nationals. It is not comfortable living there. The culture and language are already difficult enough to adopt and assimilate.
Meanwhile, China is getting richer and living standards are going up. The coastal cities are saturated and very expensive, but if you just move into the interior a bit, things are affordable and there is plenty of opportunity to make it big. They speak the same language, look the same and nobody is looking at them funny. They are home.
I think this is all obvious.

【回答】
机遇与生活品质。西方国家，尤其是美国，正处于反华模式，中国人在西方国家找工作也很困难。相当多的人对中国和中国公民怀有敌意。住在那里不舒服。文化和语言已经很难被接受和吸收。
与此同时，中国正变得越来越富裕，生活水平也在提高。沿海城市已经饱和并且非常昂贵，但是如果你只是搬到内陆一点，东西是能负担得起的，并且有大量的机会做大事业。他们说着同样的语言，长着同样的样子，没有人会觉得他们很奇怪。他们回家了。
我认为这是显而易见的。
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Lance Crayon
A substantial number of Americans aren’t hostile to Chinese in the US. I live in the middle of the largest Chinese community on foreign soil and the general atmosphere has been fine. Non-Asians and rednecks alike aren’t driving their trucks into Alhambra and hurting Chinese residents. There have been many incidents of Chinese hurting Chinese, or Vietnamese hurting Vietnamese, but it’s always been that way.

【回复】相当多的美国人并不仇视在美国的中国人。我住在国外最大的华人社区中间，气氛一直很好。非亚洲人和乡下人都不会开着卡车进入阿尔汉布拉，伤害中国居民。而中国人伤害中国人，越南人伤害越南人的事件屡见不鲜，一直都是这样。

Yevgeniy Leto
I agree. A substantial number of Americans aren’t hostile to Chinese in US. However a substantial number of Americans are and they are not all rednecks. Many blacks are very hostile to Chinese, just for some reality checks. Often being in proximity breeds hostility rather than understanding when it comes to culture differences.
The general atmosphere is hostile to Chinese—be they Democrats or Republicans.

【作者回复】我同意。相当多的美国人并不仇视在美国的中国人。然而，相当数量的美国人是这样，他们并不都是乡下人。只是基于现实情况，许多黑人对中国人非常敌视。当涉及到文化差异时，亲近往往会滋生敌意，而不是理解。
总体的氛围是对中国人怀有敌意，不管是民主党人还是共和党人。

Lance Crayon
Do you live in the US? Have you witnessed this hostility?

【回复】你住在美国吗? 你亲眼见过这种敌意吗？

Yevgeniy Leto
Let’s just say that I have plenty American friends, Chinese friends and Chinese American friends. I talk to them in both English and Chinese. Some of my American friends aren’t very friendly to Chinese friends in private. A Chinese American friend once told me that he was surprised that a Jewish American friend of his told a mutual Iranian American friend that he (the Jewish American) did not think Chinese Americans were real Americans.
These people all live in cities and suburbs and are cosmopolitan.

【作者回复】这么说吧，我有很多美国朋友，中国朋友和美籍华人朋友。我用英语和中文和他们交谈。我的一些美国朋友私下里对中国朋友不太友好。一位美籍华人朋友曾经告诉我，他很惊讶，他的一位美籍犹太人朋友跟他的一位美籍伊朗人朋友说，他认为美籍华人不是真正的美国人。
这些人都住在城市和郊区，都是国际化的。

Lance Crayon
Ok.

【回复】好吧。

Alex Wong Jian
1000 great encounters will not compensate 1 tragic attack. So why bother? The Chinese go home to their own people and build their country. It satisfies higher order of Maslow hierarchy - self actualization.

【回复】一千次良好的接触不足以弥补一次惨烈的攻击。那么，为什么要这么麻烦呢？中国人回到自己的家乡，建设自己的国家。这符合高阶的马斯洛需求层次论——自我实现。（译注：马斯洛需求层次论，指的是马斯洛（1968）认为，人的需要有生理的需要、安全的需要、归属与爱的需要、尊重的需要和自我实现的需要五个等级构成）
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Ridzwan Abdul Rahman Self employed (2000-present)
This shows the difference between Indian and Chinese graduates.
Many Indian graduates seek employment in the US and hold high positions in US companies, while Chinese graduates return to China to participate in building up their own country. This has been going on for many years and this is partly the reason for China’s massive growth over the years.
Indian graduates need to be more nationalistic and return to India to help build their own country up.
EDIT 11 Jan 2021
China providing job opportunities as a reason for the graduates returning to China. I agree that this is true based on my own experience in the IT industry in Malaysia.
Ever since the 1990s (could have been earlier) until about 2010, we regularly received calls from IT companies in India asking us to outsource application development to them because they are cheaper. And many programmers from India came to Malaysia to work on projects. I believe Malaysia is just one of many countries that the Indians approach. This indicates a lack of jobs in India.
But there is another difference between India and China. While China is internationally well known for Alibaba, Weibo, Wechat, Tencent, etc, India is not known for similar things. Somehow, I get the impression that Indians choose to work for others instead of developing something for themselves. And the US provides many opportunities to work for others. Some Chinese graduates, on the other hand, prefer to create something for themselves.

【回答】个体经营(2000年至今)
这显示了印度毕业生和中国毕业生之间的差异。
许多印度毕业生寻求在美国就业，并在美国公司担任要职，而中国毕业生则回到中国，参与建设自己的国家。这种情况已经持续了很多年，这也是多年来中国经济大幅增长的部分原因。
印度毕业生需要更加民族主义，回到印度帮助建设自己的国家。
2021年1月11日编辑
中国提供就业机会是毕业生回国的原因。根据我在马来西亚IT行业的经验，我同意这个观点。
自上世纪90年代(可能更早)到2010年前后，我们经常接到印度 IT 公司的电话，要求我们将应用程序开发外包给它们，因为它们更便宜。许多程序员从印度来到马来西亚从事项目工作。我相信马来西亚只是印度人接触的众多国家之一。这表明印度缺乏就业机会。
但印度和中国还有另一个不同之处。虽然中国在国际上以阿里巴巴、微博、微信、腾讯等著称，但印度却没有类似的东西。不知何故，我得到的印象是，印度人选择为他人工作，而不是为自己开发东西。而且美国提供了许多为他人工作的机会。另一方面，一些中国毕业生更喜欢为自己创造一些东西。
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Alex Wong Jian
A country needs to make itself an attractive place for talents to go to. In the movie “Field of Dreams”, Kevin Costner said: If you build it, they will come.
China did that. Build infrastructure, improve business environment, invest in education, open industrial parks, providing incentives for relocations…too many to list them all, over 40 years persistently.
In the process when things went astray the government quickly took corrective actions decisively.
Nationalism alone can't make things click. You need actions and determination and long-term planning.
India is not in the same league. Indian elites know.

【回复】一个国家需要把自己打造成一个吸引人才的地方。在电影《梦幻之地》中，凯文·科斯特纳说：如果你建好了，他们就会来。
中国这样做了。建设基础设施，改善商业环境，投资教育，开放工业园区，为搬迁提供激励措施等等... 太多了，无法一一列举，坚持了40多年。
在这个过程中，当事情出了差错，政府就会迅速采取果断的纠正措施。
单靠民族主义不能让事情顺利进行，你需要行动、决心和长期计划。
印度不在同一水平上，印度的精英们知道这点。

Hong Yinpui
Looking at the angle assuming human are selfish.
Indian although is democratic, India is not attractive to Indians. It is like last decades, 9 over 10 China graduate prefer not to return to China.
Normal people do not care much about the NAME of the political system.
Normal people only interested whether home soil is fertile or not for a secured living.
Let's put the blame on India for not providing secured and fertile soil for their graduates.

【回复】从人类自私的角度来看。
虽然印度是民主国家，但印度对印度人并不具有吸引力。就像过去几十年的中国一样，90%以上的中国毕业生不愿回到中国。
普通人不太在乎政治制度的名称。
普通人只关心家里的土地是否肥沃，是否有保障的生活。
把责任归咎于印度吧，没有为他们的毕业生提供稳定和肥沃的土壤。

Louie Lee
Chinese with US degrees and experience can easily fine jobs in China and get similar salaries and benifets. As well there is now lot more R&D position. US companies also have R&D centers in India but salaries are less and more limited opportunities. Lot of them with experience or US education get work visas but that is more limited after Trump clamp down.

【回复】拥有美国学位和经验的中国人可以轻松地在中国找到好工作，并得到相似的薪水和福利。此外，现在还有更多的研发职位。美国公司也在印度设立了研发中心，但薪水越来越少，工作越来越多限制。很多有经验或受过美国教育的人都拿到了工作签证，但在特朗普打压后，更加受限了。
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Paul Hywel-Evans Ph.D.(chem),
Why are more Chinese graduate and doctoral students returning to China after they graduate?
Chinese students are used as academic knowledge harvesters so that the information flow into China bolsters their country. If you have ever been in industry you will know that several years ago it was the fashion to use the sweet enticements offered by China to move the corporate R&D to there.
Industry stopped doing their research there, so how do you get info on current thinking? Hire non Chinese senior professors for LOTS of dosh or send students? They do both!
Keeping the economic edge is vitally important in any society, chaotic or planned.

【回答】化学博士
为什么越来越多的中国研究生和博士生毕业后回到中国？
中国学生被当作学术知识的收集者，这样流入中国的信息就能支撑他们的国家。如果你曾经从事过工业界，你就会知道，几年前，当时的趋势是通过中国提供的甜头，将企业研发部门迁往那里。
工业界已经停止在那里做研究，那么你如何获得当前思维的信息呢？花大钱聘请非中国籍的资深教授还是派学生去？他们两者都进行！
无论是在混乱的社会还是在有计划的社会，保持经济优势都是至关重要的。
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Lance Crayon
I never though of that and thank you for answering. When were foreign companies setting up R&D centers in China?

【回复】我从来没有想过这点，谢谢你的回答。外国公司什么时候在中国设立研发中心的？

Paul Hywel-Evans
Oh about 20 years ago. All was fine because China offered lots of well qualified researches with low salaries and running costs. But then they tried to get info out from the R&D centers and found they could not. That was a classic moment of truth for the corporate bodies, “Oh gosh we gave it all away and never got anything back”. A friend of mine said confidentially to me one day, “What a f#$K up that was!”

【作者回复】哦，大概20年前。一切都很好，因为中国提供了大量高质量的研究，人工成本低，运行成本低。但后来，他们试图从研发中心获得信息，却发现他们做不到。对于企业机构来说，那是一个经典的真相大白时刻：“哦，天哪，我们付出了一切，却没有任何回报。”我的一个朋友，有一天私下对我说“太TM糟透了！”
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Paul Lee Managing Partner (2002-present)
It’s a good and valid observation as both the current political climate and economic conditions are not favorable to Chinese graduates and PhDs. At the same time, China is embarking on a strategic catch-up with the US and EU through technological advancements. Thus, there are more opportunities there.
The key to ensuring our national security is not to target all Chinese students in America but to become much more effective in identifying, isolating and eliminating those who are prone to steal IPs and technologies. To that aim, FBI must beef-up its human counter-intelligence capabilities and recruit highly-skilled and attuned agents to lead that effort. From my limited experience with FBI directors and officers, I find most of them to be of the same background and mindset, dedicated to investigating old Mafia bosses or American gangsters but ill-fitted against China operatives and their enablers. Again, it’s the same White man’s hubris permeating across much of US law enforcement and Justice Department, started long-before Trump but only intensified over the last 4 years. So what can you do?

【回答】执行合伙人(2002年-至今)
这是一个很好和有效的观察，因为目前(全球)的政治气候和经济条件，都不利于中国的毕业生和博士。与此同时，中国正通过技术进步，着手实现与美国和欧盟的战略追赶。因此，那里有更多的机会。
确保我们国家(美国)安全的关键不是针对所有在美国的中国学生，而是更有效地识别、隔离和消除那些有窃取 知识产权和技术倾向的人。为了实现这一目的，联邦调查局必须增强其反情报能力，并招募技能高超、训练有素的特工来领导这项工作。从我与联邦调查局局长和官员打交道的有限经验来看，我发现他们中的大多数人都有着相同的背景和心态，致力于调查老黑手党头目或美国黑帮，但却不够适合中国特工及其推动者。早在特朗普上任之前，白人的傲慢就已经渗透到美国很多执法部门和司法部，又一次发生了，但在过去四年里加剧了。所以，你能怎么做呢?

Jimmy Wang works at Casino Arizona
If you can afford to get an education abroad, you got family obligations at home and there will be family business that needed to be run. Here is what they don’t teach you in any business school it is that your roots must be established in order to have your initial investment made. After you obtain your advanced degree, many are not guarantee a job with a decent salary after graduation so we weight in what would be our own best interest our next chapter in life. Often time, it is back home in China since there are much more opportunities there than here. By working for western firms, there will be bamboo ceiling in most private and public sectors.

【回答】在亚利桑那赌场工作
如果你能负担得起在国外接受教育的费用，那么你在国内就要承担家庭义务，家族企业也需要经营。在任何一所商学院，他们都不会告诉你的是，你必须扎根，这样你才能进行最初的投资。在你获得了高等学位之后，很多人都不能保证毕业后能找到一份薪水不错的工作，所以我们在人生的下一章权衡什么才是我们自己最大的利益。通常情况下，回到中国，因为那里的机会要比这里多得多。在西方公司工作，大多数私营企业和公共部门将会有竹子天花板。（译注：竹子天花板，是指亚裔在美国职场中存在的一种无形的升职障碍。）

Jonathan Dough
Why are more Chinese graduate and doctoral students returning to China after they graduate? Simple, economic opportunities have improved in China. People go where the jobs are, and China is the biggest economy now.
In the past, there was less opportunity for the Chinese graduate skills in China, but now the economic opportunities in China are better. And instead of being far away on another continent from family and relatives you can be much closer. Even if they are in the opposite side of China, that is still closer than in the US.

【回答】为什么越来越多的中国研究生和博士生毕业后回到中国？很简单，中国的经济机会改善了。就业机会在哪里，人们就去哪里，而中国现在是最大的经济体。
过去，中国毕业生的技能在中国机会较少，但现在中国的经济机会更好。与其远离家人和亲戚，你可以离他们更近一些。即使他们在中国的另一边，这仍然比美国更接近。

Qi Chen Electrical Engineer (2017-present)
Question: Why are more Chinese graduate and doctoral students returning to China after they graduate?
Answer;
Economic opportunities.
For vast majority of the Chinese, economic opportunities, such as job determines where they go. So when they leave China in 1980s, it isn’t because “democracy” and when they return China, it isn’t because of “communism”. It is all about jobs and how much they get paid and how expensive stuff are. In recent years, China has a flourishing economic, so more Chinese graduates are returning to China.

【回答】电气工程师(2017年-至今)
问题：为什么越来越多的中国研究生和博士生毕业后回国？
回答：经济机会。
对于绝大多数中国人来说，就业等经济机会决定了他们的去向。所以，当他们在上世纪80年代离开中国时，并不是因为“民主”，当他们回到中国时，也不是因为“共产主义”。这一切都是关于就业，他们得到多少报酬和物价有多贵。近年来，中国经济繁荣，所以越来越多的中国毕业生回到中国。

Long Yu Chinese live and work in US
The most significant reason is that they are more students studying in US…
But the experience in US is usually not that good…the cities smell like piss, the infrastructure is third class…local people are…American…
The pay in US is not really good either…compared to Chinese companies today…
There is simply not a lot of reason to stay in US even though visa is not really a problem for graduate students…
There is indeed one reason…the work is much less intense in US…but that may not be a good thing for young people playing the long game…

【回答】中国人在美国生活和工作
最重要的原因是，他们更多的学生在美国学习...
但是在美国的体验通常不是很好... 城市闻起来一股尿骚味，基础设施是三流的... 当地人是... 美国人..
与今天的中国公司相比，美国的薪水也不是很好。
尽管对于研究生来说，签证并不是一个问题，但留在美国的理由实在是太少了。
确实有一个理由，美国的工作强度要小得多，但是这对于年轻人来说，这可能不是一件好事...
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Lance Crayon
Which cities smell like piss? Salaries hinge on what you know how to do, similar to China. The work is intense, according to your profession, just like China. Yes, US infrastructure is crumbling and will only get worse.

【回复】哪些城市闻起来有尿骚味？薪水取决于你知道什么，怎么做，类似于中国。根据你的职业，工作强度也很大，就像中国一样。美国，美国的基础设施正在崩溃，而且只会变得更糟。
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Ralph Pifer former Retired Professor of Psychology and Social Science (1981-2011)
* Our country is very hostile to them at the present moment;
* They cannot get citizenship or documentation to allow them to stay in the country for a prolonged time;
* Given the developing negative bias in this country, Chinese students cannot get the kind of research grants they need to carryout their work;
Stay well. Stay safe.

【回答】前心理学及社会科学退休教授(1981年-2011年)
* 我国(美国)目前对他们非常敌视；
* 他们不能获得公民身份或证件，以便长期留在美国；
* 由于对中国的负面偏见日益严重，中国学生无法获得进行研究所需的研究经费；
保持健康，注意安全。

Ruby Mens
It depends on their field. If there are no jobs for them in the USA, they return to China. If there are jobs for them in the USA, they leave China for the USA or remain in the USA after graduation.
There's demand for AI researchers; the USA has been attracting Chinese graduates. Chinese graduates are making the USA great. It's too bad that the USA regime constantly accuses them of spying. Hopefully, the USA regime bans them so that they can work in China instead and help make China great.

【回答】
这取决于他们的领域。如果他们在美国找不到工作，就会回到中国。如果他们在美国有工作，他们就会离开中国去美国或者毕业后留在美国。
对于人工智能的研究人员有需求，美国一直在吸引中国的毕业生。中国毕业生让美国变得强大。而美国政府不断指责他们从事间谍活动，这就很糟糕了。但愿美国政府禁止这些人，这样他们就可以在中国工作，帮助中国变得更强大。

Yibing Lau
As a Doctoral student … I would say if one day I go back to China it’s because my parents, because I’m the only kid in the family, or maybe because I can find a job that offer me enough money and benefit more than the one I can find in UK, or maybe because I really don’t think UK’s system really doesn’t fit me anymore. Chinese are very benefit effected or family effected, so this two factors are really top two in this issue.

【回答】
作为一个博士生... 我会说，如果有一天我回到中国，那是因为我的父母，因为我是家里唯一的孩子，或者可能因为我可以找到一份工作，比我在英国找到的工作有更好的工资和福利，或者可能因为我觉得英国的制度真的不再适合我了。中国人很受利益或家庭的影响，所以这两个因素确实是这个问题的两个首要因素。

Xiaodong Peng Scientist, Data professional (1998-present)
In countries Chinese students study (mainly US), there is more and more pressure for policy makers to keep the job opportunities to their fellow citizens because high pay positions are more and more scarce, although the academic degree for domestic students may not be as high as international. In other words, Chinese students are harder and harder to find a job after graduation. They have no choice but to go back. If granted jobs easily, they intent to stay.

【回答】科学家，数据专业人员(1998年-至今)
在中国学生留学的国家(主要是美国) ，政策制定者面临着越来越大的压力，因为高薪职位越来越稀缺，要求他们把工作机会留给自己的同胞，尽管(美国)国内学生的学位可能没有国际学生高。换句话说，中国学生毕业后找工作越来越难了。他们别无选择，只能回去。如果能轻易得到工作，他们就会打算留下来。

Robin Matthews lives in China (2005-present)
The general trend since about 2010 has been for Chinese grads / post-grads to head home post degree as the rich world has largely shut foreign grads out of their local employment markets.

【回答】在中国生活(2005年-至今)
自2010年以来，随着发达国家基本上将外国毕业生排除在当地就业市场之外，中国本科毕业生回国攻读本科学位已成为普遍趋势。

James Otter BA (Social Science), MPhil (Applied Ethics), PhD
It would seem to indicate that the Chinese educational system is unable to meet their demands and they go elsewhere to qualify and return to China to exploit their skills.

【回答】社会科学学士，应用伦理学硕士
这似乎表明，中国的教育体系无法满足他们的需求，所以他们去其他地方获得资格，然后回到中国，发挥他们的技能。

Ivan Sabev, former Sr Project Coordinator
My guess is because there are more and higher paying opportunities in China.
Also because it’s more difficult for them to find work in the West due to work visa restrictions.

【回答】前高级项目协调员
我猜测是因为中国有越来越多的高薪机会。
还因为由于工作签证的限制，他们在西方国家找工作更加困难。

Vincent Chu former Physician
They are not American Born Chinese. They tend to go back to where they were born, and grew up. Hard to forget your own hometown.

【回答】前内科医生
他们不是在美国出生的中国人。他们倾向于回到他们出生和成长的地方。很难忘记自己的家乡。

James Peck, Automotive Technology
They are getting more opportunity there.

【回答】汽车技术
他们在那里有更多的就业机会。

Wayne Yu Art of Med/Surgical Healing, Tech Innovator, Dad
A2A
Wide eyed graduates will go where the best opportunities are, especially after seeing the political chaos and discrimination against China and Chinese in their countries. With China ready to take over the country with the largest GDP and every growing global economic environment, returning to their home country is but a no-brainer. Even for the non-business graduates, elite Chinese universities are well funded with research dollars and spanking new equipments, they are perfect for career growths of those with the best abilities.

【回答】医疗/外科治疗艺术，科技创新者，爸爸
谢邀。
眼睛睁大的毕业生，会去有最好就业机会的地方，尤其是在看到(美国)的政治混乱，以及对中国和中国人的歧视之后。随着中国准备好接替成为世界国内生产总值最高、以及全球经济环境不断增长的国家，回到自己的祖国是显而易见的事情。即使对于非商业专业的毕业生来说，中国的精英大学也有充足的研究经费和崭新的设备，对于那些能力最强的人来说，它们是职业发展的理想场所。